Existing Ecosystems in Mangrove Forests
Mangrove ecosystem is an environment with special characteristics where the forest floor was flooded by water where the salinity of the water level fluctuations are also greatly influenced by the tide. The mangrove ecosystem is actually moved into the realm of coastal ecosystems because it is located in the border area of the sea and the land. He is located in the coastal area and river estuaries. Mangrove forests, as a forest that grows in the region of ups and downs will be flooded during high tide and will be free of stagnant water at low tide. Communities in the mangrove forest is very adaptive to seawater salinity. As an ecosystem, the mangrove forest is composed of diverse organisms that also interact with each other.
Flora Mangrove Ecosystems
Talking about flora or plants in the mangrove forest ecosystems, among others lianas, algae, bacteria also fungi. Some experts find there are approximately 89 species. Flora is then divided into 3 groups, among others:
1. Flora Major mangrove forests or mangrove indeed, is a plant that showed loyalty to the habitat is the mangrove ecosystem. It has the ability to form pure stands and dominantly characterize the composition of the community. In terms of morphological, he has a form of adaptive environment of mangrove forests and able to control the salt content. Examples flora enter this group is is Kandelia, Rhizophora, Bruguiera, Avicennia, Ceriops, Lumnitzera, Laguncularia, Sonneratia and Nypa.
2. Flora mangrove minor, is a mangrove plant that does not have the ability to form a pure stands, thus morphologically this plant does not have a dominant role in the mangrove community. Examples of this plant among others Excoecaria,, Aegiceras. Aegialitis, Xylocarpus, Camptostemon, Heritiera, Pemphis, Scyphiphora, Osbornia, Acrostichum and also Pelliciera.
3. Association of Mangrove forests, an example of a plant that is Calamus, Hibiscus, Cerbera and many others.
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